Difference in the percentage time spent under visual obstruction ± SE between Far Eastern Curlew (a) and Eurasian Curlew (b) in two different coastal habitats (S. salsa saltmarsh vs. mudflat) and seasons (spring vs. autumn)

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Difference in the percentage time spent under visual obstruction ± SE between Far Eastern Curlew (a) and Eurasian Curlew (b) in two different coastal habitats (S. salsa saltmarsh vs. mudflat) and seasons (spring vs. autumn)

2021, 12(1): 39.

Saltmarsh vegetation and social environment influence flexible seasonal vigilance strategies for two sympatric migratory curlew species in adjacent coastal habitats .

Figures of the Article

Location of the study site on the northern region of the Yellow Sea, eastern coastal China
Difference in the percentage time spent under visual obstruction ± SE between Far Eastern Curlew (a) and Eurasian Curlew (b) in two different coastal habitats (S. salsa saltmarsh vs. mudflat) and seasons (spring vs. autumn)
Estimated marginal means (EMMs) ± SE for the linear mixed models for vigilance behaviour of Far Eastern Curlew (FEC) and Eurasian Curlew (EC). Data shown were ln-translated percentage of vigilance time (%) and vigilance frequency (/min). Post-hoc Tukey t-test were compared separately for each curlew species between habitat types, human disturbance and migration seasons. *** < 0.001; ** < 0.01; * < 0.05
Habitat-dependent variation in flock size (conspecific and heterospecific) and curlew vigilance behaviour (percentage of vigilance time, % and vigilance frequency/min) in S. salsa saltmarsh and adjacent mudflat

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