Hainan Peacock Pheasant (Polyplectron katsumatae): an endangered and rare tropical forest bird

The Hainan Peacock Pheasant (Polyplectron katsumatae), the smallest allied species of somber forest peacock pheasants among the taxa of Polyplectron spp., is a rare tropical forest bird endemic to China, and distributed only in the mountainous region of central and southwestern Hainan Island dominated by evergreen broadleaf forests. By integrating references and unpublished data based on our field surveys, we presented information on species status, distribution and population, habitat and home range, breeding ecology and conservation of the Hainan Peacock Pheasant. Future investigation should focus on its life history traits in relation to vulnerability. Considering its limited distribution and small population size, it has recently been recognized as "Endangered" by the IUCN Red List to prevent loss of this island endemic.